Abstract
In developing countries, sorting-composting of the urban solid residues (USR) requires the use of tools adaptable to the local conditions. To determine these optimal conditions of the process of sorting-composting of the biodegradable materials, an experiment was thrown at the level of the municipality of Chlef in Algeria. The parameters of follow-ups of the process of the fermentation were studied. The produced compost contain of the rates in N, P, K, % in Carbon (%C), % in Organic matter (%OM) and reports in C/N acceptable by the standard NFU 44 051 (the french standard of the organic amendments). The contents in elements metallic tracks (Cd, Cu, Pb, Ni and Zn) are lower than the limit standards. Also, the results of the analyses of the tests of phytotoxicity confirm that composts produced exhibit characteristics of organic amendments. These results give birth to an important crossroads for the treatment of the part fermentable of the urban solid residues in Algeria and specifically to Chief.
Highlights
The quantities of urban solid residues (USR) do not stop increasing with the economic and demographic development in the countries of the South, with for consequence the deposit of these residues in the unchecked discharges in conditions which do not answer necessarily at the necessary guarantees to avoid the atmospheric pollution, the contamination of ground waters, grounds and holiness of the environment.As in all the countries of the South, the Algerian authorities (directions of the environment of the wilaya) have to deal with this influx of waste by encouraging the sectors of valuation by composting and recycling of materials
The introduction of refusal at the head of the process entails a lot of water inflows from the first week of the process
The proper functioning of the composting process requires a correlation between physicochemical parameters of the process and the parameters that define the quality of the products composts
Summary
As in all the countries of the South, the Algerian authorities (directions of the environment of the wilaya (department)) have to deal with this influx of waste by encouraging the sectors of valuation by composting and recycling of materials In answer to these contrarieties of waste management, the implementation of a management system became the concern of the PROGDEM (National Program of Management of the municipal residues) since 2002; he built more than 80 technical landfills in almost all the Algerian cities. The composting limits the production the methane [2] and leachate [3] It allows, improved fertilizer value, and a reduction in masses and volumes of the wastes [4,5]. The produced compost contain of the fertilizing elements, N, P and K [6] and trace elements (Mg, Iron, Ca, etc.), so allowing, the nutrition of plants, what will increase the yields of the cultures [6,7]
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