Abstract
This paper discusses the scientific rationale for methods of platinum metals sorption centralization from saturated solutions with a high content of macrocomponents. Methods of sorption centralization of platinum and iridium using local anionites such as AH-31, AB-17-8, Purolite S985 are described. The sorbents used were conditioned to remove organic and mineral impurities. The sorption isotherms of platinum group metals 1/EC=f(1/Cp) at a temperature of 20 °C and a duration of 24 h were plotted. The data on the sorption recovery of platinum and iridium from individual and combined sulfate-chloride solutions were determined. Isotherms of iridium sorption from sulfate-chloride solution are formed. Results of the apparent sorption equilibrium constant and values of standard Gibbs energy (ΔG, kJ/mol) of ion exchange for sorption of platinum and iridium from individual and combined sulfate-chloride solutions are presented. Linearized isotherms and kinetic curves of joint sorption of platinum and iridium from sulfate-chloride solution are described. Comparative sorption of the platinum-group metals (PGM) by anionites AB-17-8 and Purolite S985 from sulfate-chloride solutions is shown. The sorption diagram of platinum and iridium from sulfate-chloride product solutions is presented. It has been revealed that complete recovery is achieved using chelation ion-exchange resin Purolite S985, with recovery of Pt up to 95% and Ir more than 73%. The sorption process is accompanied by intradiffusion constraints that are confirmed by the analysis of kinetic curves using Schmukler and Boyd–Adams models.
Highlights
Their subsequent recovery and, selection are complicated by low content and the complex nature of the complex formation due to the formation of mono- and polynuclear compounds with different kinetic activity [6,7]
The most interesting in terms of sorption of platinum metals that are in the form of chloride and sulfate complexes are resins of S-985, S-920, S-108, and S-930. These sorbents have a high selectivity to platinum metals and good sorption characteristics. They are recommended for the separation of platinoids from non-ferrous metals present in process solutions in large amounts [12,13]
The initial concentrations, medium acidity, and temperature selected are based on the approximation of the experiment to the real conditions that occur during the processing of platinum metal mining wastes by heap leaching, in particular, wastes from chromite concentration (PGM total is 0.3–0.5 g/t)
Summary
Publisher’s Note: MDPI stays neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations. Advanced hydrometallurgical technologies of platinum-containing material processing and platinum-group metals (PGM) refining are based on the use of processes running mainly in chloride and sulfate-chloride media They are focused on collective transfer of noble metals into solution [1,2,3,4,5]. Under intensive sulfate-chloride oxidation leaching, quantitative interphase separation of macro components and noble metals does not seem possible [28] In this regard, the development of scientifically based methods of sorption concentration of platinum metals from saturated sulfate-chloride solutions with a high content of macrocomponents is of current interest, in particular, as part of the hydrometallurgical solution of low-grade mining waste materials processing that meets today’s requirements of technical and economic efficiency and environmental safety
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