Abstract
The widespread use of surfactants increasingly requires the development and application of reliable methods for the demineralization of wastewaters, preventing environmental pollution. One of the most reliable and effective methods of demineralization of wastewaters is the electrodialysis method. Studying the behavior of large organic ions in the membrane is important for modeling cell membranes and purification of medicinal and biological preparations. The sorption characteristics of the MA-40 and MK-40 ion-exchange membranes in solutions of simple and organic electrolytes, and in a solution of the surfactant were investigated. It was found that the sorption of organic ions by membranes is mainly of an ion-exchange nature. The moisture content and elasticity of the membranes decreases in solutions of organic electrolytes, during the sorption of which the membrane becomes brittle. A study showed that in the solutions of organic electrolytes, the MA-40 membrane retains high electrochemical activity, while the MK-40 in a solution of the surfactant completely loses it. From the data obtained in this work, it is shown that organic ions do not present a hazard when water is desalted by electrodialysis, whereas sorption of surfactant ions leads to membrane poisoning.
Highlights
Pollution of water bodies poses a major threat to humans and aquatic ecosystems
For the solutions of NaBS and NaNS, the electromotive force (EMF) of the concentration cell corresponds to EM
Results and Discussion heterogeneous membranes, used in electrodialysis apparatus for desalting water, was carried out in the solutions of inorganic electrolytes NaCl, MgCl2, and Na2SO4, which are the main components of Black Sea water
Summary
Pollution of water bodies poses a major threat to humans and aquatic ecosystems. Population growth is leading to climate change. Greenhouse gas emissions from industrial enterprises significantly contribute to global warming, rising global temperatures and lower air quality. The quality of human life and health depends on the state of the environment [1–6], the quality of food and drinking water [7–9], and the level of economic development of the country [10,11]. These indicators determine the sustainable development of each country. Sustainable development involves the development of methods to prevent water pollution. One way to prevent water pollution is to effectively treat wastewater before it is discharged
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