Abstract
With the aim to investigate sorption properties of natural sorbent prepared from moss Rhytidiadelphus squarrosus we elucidated biosorption of cationic dyes Malachite green (BG4), Auramine O (BY2) and Thioflavine T (BY1) from aqueous solutions. The removal of dyes by moss biosorbent was found to be rapid at an initial stage and the equilibrium was reached within 1-2 hours. The pseudo-n-order kinetic model was successfully applied to the kinetic data and the order of adsorption reaction was calculated in the range from 1.7 to 2.6. The value of rate constant kn' ranged from 0.001 to 0.039 [min-1]/[μmol/g]1-n. The equilibrium data were fitted to the adsorption isotherms. The Freundlich isotherm was found to represent the measured sorption data of BG4, BY1 and BY2 well. The maximum sorption capacities of moss biomass from single dye solutions calculated by Langmuir equation were 354 μmol/g for BG4, 310 μmol/g for BY1 and 382 μmol/g for BY2. These results showed that the prepared biomass presents low-cost, natural and easy available sorbent which may be potentially used for removal of dyes from environment and also may be an alternative to more costly materials such as activated carbon.
Highlights
Contamination of water sources by many organic pollutants is a major factor of global environmental pollution for the number of years
The time-course studies on the biosorption of cationic dyes BY1, BY2 and BG4 were performed by contacting the dye solutions with moss biosorbent at pH 4.0 and 25 °C
That sorption of cationic dyes BY1, BY2 and BG4 by R. squarrosus increased with the increasing concentration of dyes in solutions and the equilibrium was reached within 1-2 h
Summary
Contamination of water sources by many organic pollutants is a major factor of global environmental pollution for the number of years. Color is the first contaminant to be recognized in wastewater and the presence of very small amounts of dyes in water is highly visible and undesirable (CRINI and BADOT, 2008; IQBAL and ASHIQ, 2007; AKSU, 2005). The presence of synthetic dyes in the aquatic environment has been of great concern because of their potential health hazards associated with the carcinogenic, mutagenic, allergenic and toxic natures as well as negative effects on the photosynthetic activity in aquatic life. Most commercial systems currently use activated carbon and organic resins as adsorbents to remove dye in wastewater because of their excellent adsorption abilities. A large variety of non-conventional adsorbent materials have been proposed and studied for their ability to remove dyes (CRINI, 2006; 2008)
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