Abstract
The present paper studies the sorption characteristics of readymade mixtures containing oatflakes – 89.5%, apples – 10%, and cinnamon – 0.5 % at the temperatures of 10°C, 25°C and 40°C and for eight water activities in the 11% - 85% range. The results obtained demonstrate that at a constant water activity, the increase in temperature is coupled with a decrease in equilibrium moisture content. The sorption isotherms of the analyzed ready-made mixture belong to Type III according to the classification of Brunauer et аl. In order to describe the isotherms following the evaluation criteria, that is mean relative error, standard deviation, and distribution of residuals, the study recommends the threeparameter modified Oswin for adsorption and the Henderson model for desorption. Via linearization of the Brunauer-Emmett-Teller model, we calculate the values of monolayer moisture content (MMC) at aw < 0.5 for both processes. For adsorption, the ММC falls within the 2.51% - 3.57% d.b. range, whereas for desorption it is within the 3.41% - 3.71% d.b. range. Temperature affects the MMC since its increase leads to a decrease in the ММC for both processes. For adsorption, at a temperature between 10°C and 40°C the ММC decreases by 1.06%, and for desorption - by 0.3%.
Highlights
Latest years have witnessed the increasing application of ready-made mixtures
The ready-made mixture made of oatflakes, apples, and cinnamon is healthy food due to a number of properties of all three ingredients which are beneficial to human health
A ready-made mixture containing oatflakes, apples, and cinnamon purchased in Bulgaria from “Internet café-BG” Ltd, packed by “Zoya bg Organic Shop”, certified by BG – BIO 18
Summary
Latest years have witnessed the increasing application of ready-made mixtures. Their usage helps every household since it is not necessary to mix ingredients or to homogenize and store them separately. Oatflakes are ancient food which humanity has been consuming for more than 4 000 years They are rich in phosphorus, magnesium, potassium, copper, iron, and B5 vitamins and when consumed raw they contain great amounts of В1 and В9 vitamins. They have a low glycemic index, which means that they are slow to digest and do not affect considerably blood sugar or insulin. Oat-containing products contain beta-glucans, soluble fiber, which have been proven to decrease actively cholesterol levels, which may lower the risk of heart disease [4,5,6,7]
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