Abstract
As CO2 is injected into pore spaces of water-filled reservoir rocks, it displaces much of the pore fluids. In short terms (several to tens of years), the greater part of the injected CO2 is predicted to stay as free CO2, i.e. in a CO2 rich dense phase that may contain some water. This paper investigates the sorption characteristics for rocks (quartzose arenite, greywacke, shale, granite and serpentine) and minerals (quartz and albite) in the CO2 rich dense phase. The measurements were conducted at 50˚C and 100˚C, and pressures up to 20 MPa. Our results demonstrated that significant quantities of CO2 were sorbed with all the samples. Particularly, at 50˚C and 100˚C, quartzose arenite showed largest sorption capacity among the other samples in higher pressures (>10 MPa). Furthermore, comparison with model prediction based on the pore filling model, which assumed that CO2 acts as filling pore spaces of the rocks and minerals, suggested the importance of the sorption mechanism in the CO2 geological storage in addition to the pore-filling mechanism. The present results should be pointed out that the sorption characteristics may have significant and meaningful effect on the assessment of CO2 storage capacity in geological media.
Highlights
It is a well-established fact that the concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere have been increasing steadily and has increased globally by about 100 ppm (36%) over the last 250 years, from a range of 275 to 285 ppm in the pre-industrial era to 379 ppm in 2005 [1], and predictions are that, if continuing in a business-as-usual scenario, by the end of this century, humankind will be facing significant climate change, which may affect human health [2]
Comparison with model prediction based on the pore filling model, which assumed that CO2 acts as filling pore spaces of the rocks and minerals, suggested the importance of the sorption mechanism in the CO2 geological storage in addition to the pore-filling mechanism
This paper presents the CO2 sorption capacities of the five rock samples (Berea sandstone, Kimachi sandstone, shale, serpentine and granite) and the two mineral samples, measured at 50 ̊C and 100 ̊C, and under pressures up to 20 MPa in CO2-rock or CO2-mineral systems that simulate the CO2 rich dense phase
Summary
It is a well-established fact that the concentrations of CO2 in the atmosphere have been increasing steadily and has increased globally by about 100 ppm (36%) over the last 250 years, from a range of 275 to 285 ppm in the pre-industrial era to 379 ppm in 2005 [1], and predictions are that, if continuing in a business-as-usual scenario, by the end of this century, humankind will be facing significant climate change, which may affect human health [2]. A major challenge in mitigating the climate change is a deep reduction of anthropogenic CO2 emissions to the atmosphere, which hopefully will lead to a stabilization of CO2 concentration at around 550 ppm (i.e., double of the pre-industrial level). CCGS technology is an enabling technology that will allow the continued use well into this century of fossil fuels for power generation and combustion in industrial processes and has the potential of the deepest cuts in anthropogenic CO2 emissions from large stationary sources (e.g., power generation, iron and steel production, cement manufacture). The technology involves the deployment of a set of technologies for capturing CO2 emitted from the large stationary sources, transporting it usually by pipeline and injecting it into geological storage reservoirs, including depleted oil and gas reservoirs, unminable coal seams, and deep saline aquifers, which is filled with water (most commonly formation brine) into pores spaces of reservoir rocks
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