Sorghum-Sudanese hybrid Dobrynya as a result of heterosis selection

Abstract

Sorghum-Sudanese hybrids, due to the heterosis effect, have not only increased productivity, but also uniformity, increased vitality, as well as resistance to various diseases and stress factors in comparison with parental forms. The purpose of the work: to characterize the new hybrid Dobrynya, created as a result of heterosis selection, according to the main morphological, biological, economically valuable indicators. The studies were carried out at the Federal State Budgetary Scientific Institution, Agrarian Research Center “Donskoy” (ARC “Donskoy”). The soil of the experimental plot is ordinary carbonate chernozem. The advantages of the hybrid include high foliage (13 leaves per plant) - 39-41% of the leaf mass of plants, good protrusion of the legs (30-35 cm), succulence, tillering, cold resistance. The duration of the period “sprouts-heading” on average for 2019-2022. was 55 days (mid-season), which is 5 days less than the standard. Sorghum-Sudanese hybrid Dobrynya is characterized by a high yield of green mass - 63 t/ha (in total for 2 cuttings) and dry matter - 13.0 t/ha, which is higher than the standard by 28.6 and 31.3%, respectively. -essentially. And in terms of the content of crude protein and the collection of digestible protein, it significantly exceeds it by 1.1% and 0.24 t/ha. According to the results of the assessment in natural conditions, Dobrynya is distinguished by high or practical resistance to loose smut and bacteriosis. The sorghum-Sudanese hybrid has been included in the State Register of Breeding Achievements since 2023 and is recommended for use for green fodder and silage in the Central Black Earth, North Caucasus and Lower Volga regions of Russia.