Sonohysterographic Findings of Endometrial Carcinomas in Women with Polycystic Ovarian Disease

Abstract

To describe the sonohysterographic features of endometrial carcinomas in women with polycystic ovarian disease (PCOD) and to determine the diagnostic role of sonohysterography (SH) in the evaluation of these lesions. SH findings of 48 PCOD patients with histologically confirmed endometrial carcinomas were evaluated. The mean age was 33.5 years (range 22-45 years). Histology included endometrioid type in 47 cases and Grade 1 in 43 cases, and 43 patients was stage IA. 20 Patients had high dose progestin treatment and 28 patients undergo surgery. SH demonstrated the endometrial thickening in 35 cases, endometrial mass in 6 cases, and endometrial thickening with mass in 7 cases. The endometrial thickness ranged from 5.5 to 27 mm (mean 9.6 mm) and the mass size ranged from 2 to 4.3 cm (mean 2.9 cm). They appeared as a diffuse polypoid thickening and a sessile mass with an inhomogeneous hyperechogenicity, an irregular surface, and obliteration of the cavity. The tumor involved only to the endometrium in 32 cases and there were superficial myometrial invasion in 14 cases, deep myometrial invasion in 2 cases, and cervical invasion in 3 cases. The SH features of endometrial carcinomas associated with PCOD included a diffuse polypoid endometrial thickening and a sessile endometrial mass with an inhomogeneous hyperechogenicity, an irregular surface, obliteration of the cavity, and absent myometrial invasion. SH may provide more diagnostic value in the evaluation of endometrial carcinomas in women with PCOD.