Sonochemical synthesis of copper vanadate nanoparticles for the highly selective voltammetric detection of antibiotic drug ornidazole

Abstract

The combination of metal vanadates has increased the number of active sites is enhancing their electrocatalytic activity. In this work, the sonochemical synthesis of copper vanadate nanoparticles (CuV) was prepared and modified on the surface of the glassy carbon electrode (GCE) for the highly selective voltammetric detection of ornidazole (OD). The as-synthesized CuV nanoparticles were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscope (FE-SEM), high-resolution transmission electron microscope (HR-TEM), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) analyzes. The fabricated CuV electrode showed high electrocatalytic activity towards the detection of OD was confirmed using cyclic voltammetry (CV) and differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) techniques. Under the optimized voltammetric conditions, the CuV modified GCE displayed a wide linear concentration of 0.08–1216 µM with a limit of detection (LOD) and limit of quantification (LOQ) of 0.009 µM and 0.03 µM, respectively. The modified sensor demonstrates excellent selectivity in the presence of various interference and it also performed good reproducibility, repeatability, long-term storage stability, and cyclic stability up to 100 cycles for the detection of OD. Additionally, the CuV sensor was successfully applied to detect OD in real samples of the river and tap water with acceptable results.