Abstract
ABSTRACT More than 200 types of antibiotics are used worldwide to fight and treat infections. Penicillin is one of the most commonly used. The disadvantages of this antibiotic include the contamination of water and soil and the emergence of drug-resistant bacteria. In this work, we removed penicillin from the aqueous environment using a sonocatalytic process and meg-haematite nanoparticles. The research was conducted on a laboratory scale by measuring the effects of various variables on the operation, such as the nanoparticle dose, pH, initial antibiotic concentration, as well as the frequency of the sound waves and ultrasound power. The response surface method was used to optimise the design method. The research results show that this method is effective in removing penicillin and under optimal conditions more than 90% of this antibiotic is removed. The degradation mechanism of this antibiotic follows first order kinetics
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