Sono-heterogeneous Fenton system for degradation of AB74 dye over a new tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base cellulose ligand-loaded Fe3O4 nanoparticles

Abstract

The study detailed herein is related to the synthesis of novel tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base cellulose ligand: (EDA-g-DAC) via condensation reaction of periodate oxidized developed microcrystalline cellulose (DAC) with ethylenediamine (EDA) was reported. Additionally, tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base cellulose ligand-loaded Fe3O4 nanoparticles: [(EDA-g-DAC)@Fe3O4] was successfully prepared using in situ chemical co-precipitation of coordinated ferric and ferrous ions in the tetraaza macrocyclic Schiff base cellulose ligand: (EDA-g-DAC) under mild conditions. The synthesized compounds were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscope (SEM), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) and vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM). [(EDA-g-DAC)@Fe3O4] was of a narrow size distribution, and exhibited ferromagnetic behaviors with saturation magnetization 24.63 emu g−1. The degradation of Indigo Carmine (AB74) over [(EDA-g-DAC)@Fe3O4] was studied using a coupled ultrasound/heterogeneous or sono-heterogeneous Fenton process. More importantly, US + [(EDA-g-DAC)@Fe3O4] + H2O2 were demonstrated for the first time as a high efficient for the degradation of AB74. The pseudo first-order-reaction constant of US + [(EDA-g-DAC)@Fe3O4] + H2O2 were measured to be 0.0979 min−1. Total Organic Carbon (TOC) and Chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal rates are 0% and 98.7%, respectively. Additionally, the [(EDA-g-DAC)@Fe3O4] showed the higher enhanced sonocatalytic degradation of AB74 than other dyes MB and AY17. Furthermore, the catalysts can be easily recycled within 10 s using an external magnetic field and a constant catalytic activity is retained even after five cycles.