Abstract
The adsorption of β-lactoglobulin to stainless steel and its subsequent alkali-induced removal were followed using ellipsometry. New steel samples differing in bulk composition, surface finish or chemical pretreatment were used. All surfaces were precleaned in strongly alkaline solution, and some were subsequently passivated in nitric acid. Furthermore, on surfaces differing in pretreatment measurements were performed during repeated fouling and cleaning cycles. No correlation was found between the bulk composition or the surface finish and the fouling tendency or the cleanability. However, striking differences in cleanability between stainless-steel surfaces subjected to different chemical pretreatments were evident, particularly at low temperature. Still, only minor effects on the fouling tendency were observed. When subjecting surfaces to repeated fouling and cleaning without renewed pretreatment, the differences in cleaning performance decreased but were still significant. While the cleanability of non-passivated surfaces appeared to decrease somewhat when reused, changes seemed smaller for passivated surfaces.
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