Some Results of Air Pollution from Passenger Ferries in the Boka Kotorska Bay

Abstract

Emission from passenger ships represents a threat especially for a population in the coastal area that is exposed to air pollution due to the port traffic throughput and other frequent activities at the seaside. Passenger ferries are one of the marine small vessels that have a primary role in connecting domicile inhabitants and serves as a favorite mode of transport for short tourist visits. In this chapter, the estimation of emission inventories produced by passenger ferry services that are transporting tourists inside the Boka Kotorska Bay in Montenegro is presented. The emission inventories of NOx, PM, SO2, and CO emitted by four different ferries assigned at four routes are investigated. While quantifying the level of emissions, we first start with the necessary regulatory requirements at the international and national levels. Second, the identification of the bottom-up method for analyzing the status of engines onboard ferries and the sulfur limit content in diesel fuel was a foundation for the determination of emission factors of air polluters. The results showed that the largest of all ferries with respect to gross tonnage, capacity, engine power, and with the longest route emitted the largest amounts of NOx, SO2, PM, and CO in total. On the other side, it showed best emission performances when emission of pollutants was brought down per passenger-mile.