Abstract
As a dominant water carrier, hydrous silicate minerals and rocks are widespread throughout the representative regions of the mid-lower crust, upper mantle, and subduction zone of the deep Earth interior. Owing to the high sensitivity of electrical conductivity on the variation of water content, high-pressure laboratory-based electrical characterizations for hydrous silicate minerals and rocks have been paid more attention to by many researchers. With the improvement and development of experimental technique and measurement method for electrical conductivity, there are many related results to be reported on the electrical conductivity of hydrous silicate minerals and rocks at high-temperature and high-pressure conditions in the last several years. In this review paper, we concentrated on some recently reported electrical conductivity results for four typical hydrous silicate minerals (e.g., hydrous Ti-bearing olivine, epidote, amphibole, and kaolinite) investigated by the multi-anvil press and diamond anvil cell under conditions of high temperatures and pressures. Particularly, four potential influence factors including titanium-bearing content, dehydration effect, oxidation−dehydrogenation effect, and structural phase transition on the high-pressure electrical conductivity of these hydrous silicate minerals are deeply explored. Finally, some comprehensive remarks on the possible future research aspects are discussed in detail.
Highlights
This article is an open access articleAs an important volatile matter, water is widely exists in the mid-lower crust, upper mantle, and subduction zone of the deep Earth interior, which is present as two main species in the water-bearing silicate minerals: (i) molecular water (H2 O) and structural hydroxyl (OH) [1]
In the past of several decades, with the rapid development of experimental techniques in the electrical conductivity measurement and high-pressure equipment, there are more and more electrical conductivity results to be reported on the hydrous silicate minerals in the Earth crust, upper mantle, and subduction zone at conditions of high temperatures and high pressures
Two dominant presence species of molecular water and structural hydroxyl influence on the electrical conductivity of hydrous minerals are of the research point in the field of high-pressure mineral physics
Summary
As an important volatile matter, water is widely exists in the mid-lower crust, upper mantle, and subduction zone of the deep Earth interior, which is present as two main species in the water-bearing silicate minerals: (i) molecular water (H2 O) and structural hydroxyl (OH) [1]. Some available research found that the presence of water, either the trace molecular water (H2 O) or the structural hydroxyl (OH) in hydrous mineral, plays a crucial role in many pressure-dependent physicochemical properties and their corresponding transport processes of deep Earth interior, such as electrical conductivity [9,10], elastic wave dispersion and its attenuation [11,12], grain–growth kinetics [13,14], elemental diffusion coefficient [15,16], dislocation creep [17,18], and dynamic recrystallization [19,20]. Some potential influence ingredients from the titanium-bearing content, dehydration effect, oxidation−dehydrogenation effect, and structural phase transition on the electrical conductivity of hydrous minerals are discussed in detail
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