Abstract
This paper presents information about modern glass seals obtained during archaeological excavations carried out on the territory of modern-day Poland after 1987. The author reviews finds and their characteristics and based on such collected data attempts to indicate their quantitative diversity, territorial range, and chronology. The paper also focuses on markings identified on glass seals divided by their types. These are individualised signs, monograms, symbols, descriptive signs, and numerical signs, mostly trademarks. This analysis aims to outline the state of research and indicate various research questions associated with the production and use of stamped glass vessels in Poland, which require further studies.
Highlights
This paper presents information about modern glass seals obtained during archaeological excavations carried out on the territory of modern-day Poland after 1987
Glass bottles with stamps made of the same material1 and glass seals attached to parts of bodies of glass vessels, are one of the most interesting archaeological artefacts
Based on the literature concerning this subject and archaeological sources, it is possible to state that finds from the territory of Poland correspond with the general tendencies in terms of the quality, form, and function of this type of artefacts described by foreign scholars, whereas their specific feature is the more slender shape of vessels with seals – a greater proportion of cylindrical bottles than squat ones
Summary
Glass bottles with stamps (seals) made of the same material and glass seals attached to parts of bodies of glass vessels, are one of the most interesting archaeological artefacts. Markings on bottles conformed to officially imposed requirements or advertised the goods labelled with them (both the vessel and its contents) Such products were used for storing, transporting, and serving mostly alcoholic beverages, mainly wine, beer, vodka, gin, and spirits, as well as mineral water. The use of such markings on modern glass vessels from the territory of Poland may be seen as the consequence of the relationships and economic and cultural influences between various countries on the European continent at that time. This was the result of reproducing practices already tested and widespread abroad, which were applied to local glass manufacturing and gained a good reputation among the local consumers
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