Abstract
Some rigorous results on discrete velocity models are briefly reviewed and their ramifications for the lattice Boltzmann equation (LBE) are discussed. In particular, issues related to thermodynamics and H-theorem of the lattice Boltzmann equation are addressed. It is argued that for the lattice Boltzmann equation satisfying the correct hydrodynamic equations, there cannot exist an H-theorem. Nevertheless, the equilibrium distribution function of the lattice Boltzmann equation can closely approximate the genuine equilibrium which minimizes the H-function of the corresponding continuous Boltzmann equation. It is also pointed out that the “equilibrium” in the LBE models is an attractor rather than a true equilibrium in the rigorous sense of H-theorem. Since there is no H-theorem to guarantee the stability of the LBE models at the attractor, the stability of the attractor can only be studied by means other than proving an H-function.
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