Abstract
Some fundamental problems on the optical method of caustics, which is used to determine the value of the stress-intensity factor, are studied. The paper shows that the radiusr o of the initial curve considerably affects the results and describes a method to eliminate this effect. This method is also applied to the biaxial-stress fracture problem. It is shown that the biaxial stress affects the fracture toughness of thin specimens of Plexiglas sheets and that the fatigue-crack-growth rate is increased due to the compressive stress along the crack line.
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