Abstract
Anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum species is a common postharvest disease of banana fruit in Sri Lanka. The present study was conducted to determine morphological and pathogenic variations and influence of culture media on the growth of Colletotrichum musae isolates, causing anthracnose disease of banana. Six colletotrichum musae isolates were isolated from 3 different banana local cultivars ('Kathali', 'Kappal', 'Etharai'). Length, width and length: width ratio of the spores differed significantly among 6 isolates of C.musae. Among the different media tested, Potato and Carrot dextrose agar media supported significantly the maximum growth of all the six isolates of C. musae. Recommended dosage of the fungicides Homai (Thiophanate-methyl 50% + Thiram 30% WP) and Topsin (Thiophanate-methyl 50%) completely inhibited the mycelia growth of six isolates in vitro. Characteristic symptoms of anthracnose were started to develop by all the isolates of C. musae on banana variety 'kathali' 2 days after inoculation of the pathogen. The present study revealed that morphological and pathogenic variations exist among different isolates of C. musae infecting banana fruits in Jaffna district of Sri Lanka.
Highlights
Anthracnose is the most important post-harvest disease of Banana in Sri Lanka
Banana anthracnose caused by Colletotrichum musae (Berk. and Curt) Arx. is considered as one of the most important diseases of banana in the global level and is one of the major constraints to banana production [28]
C. musae is the most common species associated with anthracnose of banana, C. gloeosporioides has been reported to be associated with banana anthracnose [31, 6]
Summary
Anthracnose is the most important post-harvest disease of Banana in Sri Lanka. Most of the commercial banana varieties grown in Sri Lanka are susceptible to anthracnose causing post harvest losses [2, 14]. Symptoms of anthracnose include black and sunken lesions with spore masses or acervuli in the lesion [10] This disease usually occurs during long transportation and storage period with relatively low temperature and high humidity [29]. Many banana cultivars in Sri Lanka are susceptible for the diseases caused by Colletotrichum spp. It reproduces in asexual manner and generally the spores are colorless and oval shape. C. musae is the most common species associated with anthracnose of banana, C. gloeosporioides has been reported to be associated with banana anthracnose [31, 6] Simple morphological characteristics, such as conidial dimensions, appressorial dimensions, presence or absence of setae and perithecia and growth rate have been widely used as taxonomic criteria within the genus Colletotrichum in the past [22]. The objective of this work was to determine the morphological and pathogenic variations among isolates of Colletotrichum musae isolated from three banana cultivars such as ‘Kathali’, ‘Kappal’ and ‘Etharai’ in Jaffna district of Sri Lanka and evaluate influence of culture media on the growth of mycelial growth
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