Abstract
Starting from 1950, scientific centers were established in various cities of the USSR to study microelements, to study their biological role and content in environmental objects, tissues, organs, liquid media of a living organism, in normal and pathological conditions, to elucidate their role in the etiology and pathogenesis of various diseases, prevention and treatment of diseases. Tatarstan is endemic for goiter region. It is well known that endemic goiter occurs due to a lack of iodine in nature. The soil serves as a "supplier" of iodine for plants, animals and humans, so its role in the iodine cycle in nature can be considered a leading one. Consequently, the organization of a successful fight against endemic goiter is unthinkable without comprehensive studies of the biogeochemical situation in endemic foci and in the whole country, especially without taking into account the content of various forms of iodine in soils [13].
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