Abstract
In Ca Mau peninsula region, groundwater resource is the main source of water supply for agriculture, industry, domestic uses. In this paper, the authors study groundwater origin in middle - upper pleistocene (qp2-3) aquifer in Ca Mau peninsula and give some opinions about the groundwater origin formation for planning and managing reasonable, safe, and sustainable. There are many studies about groundwater origin in the Mekong delta plains and these studies showed different results. Up till now, there is not a consensus on an exact origin of groundwater in Mekong delta plains, especially in Ca Mau peninsula. Therefore, the authors use the Xulin approach to determine groundwater origin based on the concentration of ions Na+, Cl-, SO42-, Mg2+. Then we use Piper diagram, Gibbs plot, Mercado plot, and hydro-geochemical section plot to explain the origin of groundwater in Ca Mau peninsula region. The results show that there are 4 types of groundwater origin in the studied region: magnesium – chloride, marine origin; calcium – chloride, deep metamorphic environment; sodium – sulfate, the continental leaching origin; bicacbonnat-sodium, continental environment. The groundwater origins relate to the marine transgression and regression process, or weathering, leaching, and freshwash processes. The groundwater origin formation do not have participation of rainfall water and river water, which are two important components contribute to the groundwater recharge formation. Therefore, researching groundwater recharge of th e qp2-3 aquifer in the Ca Mau peninsula is according to other aspects.
Highlights
Ca Mau Peninsula (CMP) is one of five large regions of the Mekong River Delta (MRD), which includes Can Tho, Hau Giang, Soc Trang, Bac Lieu, Ca Mau, and a part of Kien Giang provinces
Based on the chemically reactive of ions, we establish the ratio of rNa+/rCl,/rSO42-;/rMg2+ and use the Xulin classification method to determine originated formation of groundwater in the qp[2,3] aquifer, use the hydro-geochemical values in the area describes on the Piper diagram, Gibbs, and Mercado plot. to determine causes of the formation of these originated types
Na+ excess proves that these samples is originated from the continent, 26 samples have/rSO42- ratio >1, this mean these samples are of sodium bicarbonates continental environment distributed throughout the provinces in the region (Figure 3)
Summary
Ca Mau Peninsula (CMP) is one of five large regions of the Mekong River Delta (MRD), which includes Can Tho, Hau Giang, Soc Trang, Bac Lieu, Ca Mau, and a part of Kien Giang provinces. The authors analyze origins of groundwater formation in middle – upper pleistocence aquifer (this aquifer was exploited exceeding in the region), and present some opinions about those processes to help plan, manage and use groundwater resource in Ca Mau peninsula. The qp[2,3] aquifer is not exposed on surface which is directly covered up by impermeably geological formations middle – upper pleistocene marine origin (mQ12-3) which is not continuous due to some of location is eroded by rivers (Q13). Cross sections in figure 2, show that the bottom of aquifer lower from northwest to southeast and expand in some areas such as Can Tho City, and Bac Lieu city
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