Abstract

These materials have been conveniently classified as insulator, conductor, ferroelectric and ferromagnetic ceramics. The functions of insulator and of conductor ceramics are readily understood and the underlying theory of conduction is briefly outlined. The ferroelectric and ferromagnetic classes are less widely appreciated: the analogies and the differences in these groups are discussed. The wide range of applications for these materials is indicated and some ceramics of particular interest to the electrical engineer and physicist are described more fully. These include ferroelectrics based on barium titanate for ceramic capacitors, piezoelectric transducers, dielectric amplifiers and memory devices. Other important ceramics are ferromagnetics based on soft magnetic ferrites for radio and television components, very high-frequency applications, magnetostrictive transducers, microwave components and memory devices together with ferromagnetics based on hard magnetic ferrites. Electronic devices and equipments of the future may use solid circuits made from various ceramic materials inert to moisture and capable of operating at relatively elevated temperatures.

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