Abstract
The aim of the study was to identify the features of the macro- and microscopic structure, as well as the cellular composition of the intestinal glands in adults with clinically confirmed total dolichomegacolon and colonoptosis. Material and methods. On total preparations of the colon obtained from the corpses of persons 42–87 years old, structural changes of the glandular apparatus were studied in cases with total dolichomegacolon (n=7) and total colonoptosis (n=5), diagnosed postmortem. Microscopic examination was performed on histological preparations stained with methylene blue, with subsequent fixation in a saturated solution of ammonium molybdenum acid, hematoxylin–eosin, and picrofuxin by Van-Gieson. Parametric and nonparametric statistical methods based on the Statistica 6.0 program were used. Data processing included the calculation of arithmetic averages and their errors. Results. The analysis of cell composition of the colon epithelium in total dolichomegacolon revealed a progressive decrease in the number of glands in the proximo-distal direction from 22.5±1.1% in the caecum to 37±0.9% in the rectum. Besides, the length of the glands decreased, on average by 26.5±0.8% for all parts of the large intestine without a pronounced gradient from the caecum to the rectum. According to the decrease in length of the intestinal gland, there was a decrease in the number of epithelial cells forming its walls with a maximum in the descending colon – a decrease of 21.4±1.1%. Structural changes in total colonoptosis were similar in nature and did not significantly differ in large values of reduction of the glandular apparatus. Due to analyzing the cellular component of the colon glands, a multidirectional character of changes in the composition of the glands was noted: a decrease in the percentage of absorption cells on average by 21.1±0.8% and an increase in the proportion of goblet cells by 33.4±1.2% on average, due to a compensatory increase in the amount of mucus in the studied pathological conditions. Conclusion. Actual data on the decrease in the number and change in the structure of the glandular apparatus of all parts of the large intestine of adult people against the background of clinically verified total dolichomegacolon and colonoptosis were obtained. The nature of the identified structural and functional rearrangements is of great importance both for proctological practice and for theoretical and practical medicine in general.
Highlights
Цель – выявить особенности макро- и микроскопического строения, а также клеточного состава желез толстой кишки взрослых людей при клинически подтвержденных тотальном долихомегаколоне и колоноптозе
The aim of the study was to identify the features of the macro- and microscopic structure, as well as the cellular composition of the intestinal glands in adults with clinically confirmed total dolichomegacolon and colonoptosis
On total preparations of the colon obtained from the corpses of persons 42–87 years old, structural changes of the glandular apparatus were studied in cases with total dolichomegacolon (n=7) and total colonoptosis (n=5), diagnosed postmortem
Summary
Цель – выявить особенности макро- и микроскопического строения, а также клеточного состава желез толстой кишки взрослых людей при клинически подтвержденных тотальном долихомегаколоне и колоноптозе. На тотальных препаратах толстой кишки, полученных от трупов лиц 42–87 лет, исследовали структурные перестройки железистого аппарата при тотальном долихомегаколоне (n=7) и тотальном колоноптозе (n=5), диагностированных посмертно. Проведенный анализ клеточного состава эпителия толстой кишки при тотальном долихомегаколоне выявил прогрессивное уменьшение количества желез в проксимо-дистальном направлении с 22.5±1.1% в слепой кишке до 37±0.9% в прямой кишке. Вместе с тем уменьшалась и длина желез в среднем на 26.5±0.8% для всех отделов толстой кишки без выраженного градиента от слепой к прямой кишке. Получены актуальные данные об уменьшении числа и изменении структуры железистого аппарата всех отделов толстой кишки людей зрелого возраста на фоне клинически верифицированных тотальных долихомегаколона и колоноптоза.
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