Abstract
We describe Phallocryptus fahimii sp. n., the fifth species in the genus, based on combined morphological and molecular genetic analyses. It is endemic to Iran and known only from its type locality in the Lut desert. The Lut desert has been designated the “Thermal pole of the Earth” with surface temperatures reaching up to 78.2°C. Shallow, ephemeral pools are filled by seasonal floods deriving from spring precipitations. Phallocryptus fahimii sp. n. is most closely related to the Mongolian P. tserensodnomi Alonso & Ventura, 2013. Males can be differentiated based on the relatively long frontal organ, the strong curvature of the labral distal process and the usual lack of a ventrolateral spine of the genital segment. http://www.zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:8F773751-A2D0-47DA-A8CD-0BB724EECB13
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