Some indicators of nutritional security of children with restrictive types of nutrition

Abstract

Following vegetarian diets means, to varying degrees, the exclusion of animal products from diets, which, if poorly planned, can lead to deficiency of some nutrients. Aim of the study was to evaluate some indicators of nutritional security of children with a restrictive type of nutrition and living in the territory of a long-term military conflict in the Donbass. Material and methods. 80 school-age children following restrictive diets were examined. All patients were divided into two groups: 40 children following a dairy-free diet (group 1), 40 children on a vegetarian type of diet (group 2). The control group consisted of 30 children who adhere to the traditional type of diet. Calcium, ferritin, vitamin B12 and zinc content in blood serum were studied in all children, living in Donbass. Results. In group 1 deficiency of calcium was found in 60.0 %, of zinc – in 32.5 %, of vitamin B12 – in 15.0 %, a decrease in ferritin content – in 22.5 %. In group 2 level of ferritin was declined in 55.0%, zinc deficiency was detected in 37.5 %, vitamin B12 deficiency – in 30.0 %, calcium deficiency – in 10.0 %. Conclusions. For children on a long-term dairy-free diet, calcium and zinc deficiency is characteristic, as well as a decrease in tissue iron reserves. Children who observe lactovegetarianism are characterized by a deficiency of zinc and vitamin B12, as well as a decrease in the concentration of ferritin in the blood serum. Children living in the Donbass in the conditions of a long military conflict and adhering to restrictive types of nutrition can be considered as a risk group for the development of deficient conditions. To correct the identified imbalance, it is necessary to develop programs for the supplementation of macro- and micronutrients.