Some Full Blood Count Parameters among Hypertensive Patients Attending Specialist Hospital, Sokoto, Nigeria

Osaro Erhabor,Teddy Charles Adias,Abdullahi Shehu,Ikechukwu Polycarp Iwueke,Tosan Erhabor

doi:10.4236/ojbd.2019.94008

Abstract

Hypertension (HTN) is a major health problem worldwide. It can lead to cardiovascular disease and functional disturbances including haematological parameters. Full blood count (FBC) parameters of a total of 60 consecutively-recruited hypertensive subjects and 30 age-matched non-hypertensive controls were studied between June and September, 2018. Ethylene Diamine Tetra Acetic Acid (EDTA) anticoagulated blood and serum from subjects and control participants were analyzed for FBC. The total white cell count (WBC), packed cell volume (PCV) haemoglobin (Hb), neutrophils and eosinophils were significantly lower among hypertensive subjects compared to non-hypertensive controls (p 40-year-old compared to those <40 years of age (p = 0.02 and 0.01) respectively. The RBC count was significantly higher among female compared to male hypertensives (p = 0.05). The haemoglobin and monocyte count were significantly higher among male compared to female hypertensives (p = 0.02 and 0.04) respectively. The monocyte count was significantly higher among hypertensive subjects of Hausa ethnic group compared to Fulani (t = 2.79, p < 0.01). The findings from this study indicates that the WBC, PCV, Hb, neutrophils and eosinophils were significantly lower among hypertensive subjects compared to non-hypertensive controls. Stage of the disease, age, gender and ethnicity had a significant effect on the FBC parameters of the hypertensive patients. There is need to step up public enlightenment programme to educate hypertensive patients on the need for attending clinic regularly for effective follow up. It is recommended that facilities for the routine monitoring of FBC parameters among hypertensive in the area be provided.

Highlights

Hypertension, known as high blood pressure or arterial hypertension is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated
Oct. 23, 2019 findings from this study indicates that the white blood cells (WBC), packed cell volume (PCV), Hb, neutrophils and eosinophils were significantly lower among hypertensive subjects compared to non-hypertensive controls
There is need to step up public enlightenment programme to educate hypertensive patients on the need for attending clinic regularly for effective follow up

Summary

Introduction

Hypertension, known as high blood pressure or arterial hypertension is a chronic medical condition in which the blood pressure in the arteries is elevated. Blood pressure is expressed by two measurements, the systolic and diastolic pressures, which are the maximum and minimum pressures, respectively, in the arterial system. Normal blood pressure at rest is within the range of 100 - 140 mmHg systolic and 60 - 90 mmHg diastolic. Hypertension is present if the blood pressure is persistently at or above 140/90 mmHg for most adults; different criteria apply to children [1]. Blood pressure falls during sleep and rises rapidly just before we wake up, which is when the risk of cardiovascular events is the highest. A definition of hypertension is usually taken as that level of arterial blood pressure associated with doubling of long-term cardiovascular risk [2]

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