Some features of soil cultivation with a cutting wedge

Abstract

Currently existing soil cutting models do not explain all available experimental results. When modeling the process of cutting soils, the models developed for cutting metals were taken as a basis. But the automatic transfer of the principles of cutting metals to the theory of cutting soil without sufficient grounds leads to contradictions and errors. Soil cutting has its own characteristics that do not occur when cutting metals and which must be taken into account when modeling the destruction process during cutting. When cutting brittle materials, as well as when cutting soils and soils, a number of phenomena are observed that are not present when cutting plastic materials, for example, the formation of advanced cracks in front of the cutting wedge. The purpose of the study is to establish the features of soil cultivation with a cutting wedge that are not typical for metal processing, but which take place during mechanical tillage and which must be taken into account when modeling the processes of cutting mechanics. On the basis of the comparative analysis, a significant difference between the geometry of the cutting part of the tillage wedge and the geometry of the wedge for processing plastic metal materials was revealed. The loading model of the cutting part of the tillage wedge is obtained. It is shown that during the operation of the tillage wedge the angle of action of the cutting force is positive. When modeling the processes of soil cutting mechanics, in order to obtain a correct model of the cutting process, it is necessary to take into account this fact: the angle of action of the cutting force is positive. Loading of the material being machined with a cutting wedge according to the scheme, when the angle of action of the cutting force is positive, is the most optimal in terms of the energy intensity of the cutting process compared to others.