Abstract

We prove and extend some conjectures by Dib, Franzini and Gilman on the comparison of expectation values of rv in the ground state and the first radial excited state of a two-body system for a given, non-zero angular momentum. One of the by-products is that for usual potentials, the overall splitting of the P states is likely to be smaller for the excited state than for the ground state. We also make comparisons between the ground state and angular excitations and prove that the expectation values of rv, −3⩽v<0, decrease rapidly with the angular momentum for concave potentials, which explains why the fine splitting of quarkonium levels is getting small for large l.

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