Abstract
The chemical constitution and physical state of natural rubber in its viscous, high-elastic and crystalline conditions are described. It is shown that those depend on long hydro-carbon chains which are normally coiled and tangled. The high elasticity of rubber is made possible by the ability of the chains to straighten and recoil. On breaking down the cohesion between the chains by various means, rubber has some of the characteristics of a thick oil; whilst, on the other hand, certain conditions, especially those of intense cooling, cause rubber to behave in many respects like a crystalline material. This concept is then extended to a consideration of other rubber-like materials including gutta percha, some synthetic elastomers and finally the silicone rubbers.
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