Abstract
In the early days of wireless communication, radio-frequency power was generated by spark, Poulsen-arc, and Alexanderson alternator transmitters. Multituned antennas used for transmission in the low-kHz portion of the electromagnetic spectrum are reviewed. These antennas were used in transatlantic-radio communication during the following World War I. Wavelengths in use were between 10 and 20 thousand meters (30 and 15 kHz). For AM broadcasting (beginning in 1920), T-configured antennas and vertical radiators were used. Antennas for radio reception were normally outdoor, inverted-L and -T structures, which worked well with crystal, regenerative, and neutrodyne receivers. Indoor-loop antennas proved efficacious with superheterodyne sets because of the great sensitivity of these receivers. >
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