Abstract

Metastable austenite containing steels, i.e., steels capable of undergoing solid-state phase transformation from austenite to α´-martensite during plastic deformation, offer a very good combination of ductility, strength, and above all, exceptional strain hardening capability. In effect, in suitable plastic deformation conditions the relatively soft austenitic phase can transform to the harder α´-martensite, which increases the strain hardening rate of the material through various mechanisms. This special feature gives these kinds of alloys several beneficial properties, such as resistance against flow instabilities and increased capability to absorb deformation energy. For this reason, metastable austenite containing alloys have been extensively studied in the past. However, several open questions still remain, especially in the field of high rate deformation. This can be related to the great number and complexity of the related microstructural phenomena and their combined effects on the material response. The open questions affect both the metallurgy of the material and the numerical modeling of material behavior. The current contribution addresses some of these questions and their possible solutions, as well as gives an outlook on the possible future development directions.

Highlights

  • Metastable austenite containing steels have been studied, developed, and used for decades

  • In the field of high rate loading, the above mentioned properties are often related to the energy absorption capability of the material

  • If one could somehow make the phase transformation persist at high rates of deformation, one would be rewarded with a material that has outstanding strength and ductility properties on a wide range of loading rates

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Summary

Introduction

Metastable austenite containing steels have been studied, developed, and used for decades The attention, which this group of materials has received, is well justified. If one could somehow make the phase transformation persist at high rates of deformation, one would be rewarded with a material that has outstanding strength and ductility properties on a wide range of loading rates. As will be shown below, it seems that the conventionally used approaches do not reveal all the aspects of the strain rate dependent plasticity of metastable austenite Both the use of existing alloys and the development of new ones, as well as material model development, might be unnecessarily limited due to insufficient knowledge of the underlying phenomena

On the limitations of constant strain rate tests
Direct strain rate effects on the α-transformation
Conclusions

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