Abstract
Sphagnum species are ecologically prominent wetland plants with xerophytic adaptations and succession-directing acidification capabilities. Species are organized along environmental gradients of pH, cation concentrations, hummock and hollow, wet versus dry, shade versus sun, coastal versus inland, and cold versus warm. The known factors responsible for this organization include cation-exchange capacity, desiccation tolerance, desiccation resistance, water-holding capacity, drying rates, and photosynthetic response at differing water contents. Small-scale distribution of Sphagnum species can be better explained for ombrotrophic sites than for minerotrophic sites.
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