Abstract
Turbulent atmospheric boundary-layer theory is applied to wind observations made over a shallow-water embayment to explain variations in ambient noise levels. Broad-band ambient-noise data for sea states up to 3 obtained at a fixed receiving site are presented for a shallow water acoustic test range in Block Island Sound. Hourly wind-speed averages are analyzed by means of spectra and covariance functions in order to compare the frequency composition of the acoustic and meteorological data. The power spectrum computed from the record of ambient noise pressure level as a function of time has significant peaks centered on frequencies of 0.04 and 0.10. Similar peaks at the corresponding frequencies are present in the spectra of wind speeds. The results of this experiment suggest that for wind speed fluctuations of less than 0.33 nonlinear effects of the wind are relatively unimportant in the generation of ambient noise.
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