Some anatomical studies on the kidney of goat (Capra hircus) with special reference to angioarchitecture, ultrasonography and Doppler

Abstract

The present work was carried out on twenty-five goats to study the anatomy and sonar as well as Doppler vascular perfusion of kidney in the goat. The ultrasonographic scanning of goat's kidney appeared its cortex oriented as a homogenous hypoechoic area while the medullary pyramids are presented as hypoechoic-anechoic areas deeper than the cortex. The arterial supply of the kidneys of the goat was supplied by the right and the left renal arteries. The renal artery gives accessory renal artery then passing for dividing into the dorsal and the ventral renal branches. Both branches detache the caudal dorsal, caudal dorsal midzone, cranial dorsal midzone, cranial dorsal apical segmental arteries where each of segmental artery supplies the corresponding area of the kidney. The venous drainage of the goat?s kidney is oriented by right and left renal veins. The renal vein receives two dorsal and ventral renal tributaries. Both renal tributaries extend to drain by cranial and caudal renal branches. The cranial renal branch extends in the mid, cranial parts of the kidney to receive the cranial apical the cranial midzone segmental veins, while the caudal renal branch passes in the mid and caudal parts of the kidney to drain by caudal and caudal midzone segmental tributaries. The RI measurements of the right cranial segmental, caudal segmental interlobar and arcuate renal arteries had the lowest coefficient of variation (CV; 5.45, 5.08, 5.79, and 3.44, respectively) with pooled SD (0.03, 0.03, 0.03, and 0.04, respectively). The RI evaluations of the left main, cranial segmental, caudal segmental, interlobar and arcuate renal arteries had the lowest CV in form of (7.31, 6.66, 5.88, 4.34, and 5.94, respectively) with SD (0.03, 0.03, 0.03, 0.02, and 0.04, respectively). The results obtained were tabulated and discussed with the available literature in different animals and analyzed by ANOVA.