Abstract

Seeds containing immature zygotic embryos were used as explants for embryogenic culture initiation. Embryogenic culture was maintained and proliferated by 2–3-week-interval subcultures. Embryogenic tissue suspended in 2–3 ml of medium was plated on 90-mm-diameter plates containing maturation medium. Mature cotyledonary somatic embryos were collected from the maturation medium and transferred to the germination medium. After 2–4 weeks of culture, most of the somatic embryos germinated and were converted into plantlets. Protoplasts were isolated from embryogenic tissue maintained for about 1 year. Proliferated embryogenic cells from cultured protoplasts were transferred to maturation medium, and after about 6 weeks of culturing, the cotyledonary somatic embryos were produced. Matured somatic embryos germinated and then converted into plantlets.

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