Abstract
The purpose of the work was to study the somatic and gynecological history of obese adolescent girls. Materials and methods. Over the past 5 years, information has appeared about a change in the morbidity structure towards an increase in endocrine disorders, which significantly affect the development of gynecological pathology. We examined 120 adolescent girls aged 13 to 17 years. The main group included 100 obese girls; the control group included 20 non-obese girls. The formation of menstrual function in girls aged 13-17 years old was assessed on the basis of the following data: age of menarche, duration of the menstrual cycle, number of days of menstruation, intensity of blood loss, presence of pain syndrome. Height was measured on a vertical stadiometer (verified and approved for work). Determination of body weight was carried out using medical scales of any modification with a measurement range corresponding to the age characteristics of the patient. To assess the severity of obesity, all patients were determined by the body mass index according to Brey (1978) by the formula. Results and discussion. Somatic diseases were revealed in a significant amount in the subjects of the main group. An important factor should be noted both for girls of the main and control groups – the presence of 3-4 diseases is characteristic. Obese girls are characterized by a high incidence of gynecological diseases, especially inflammatory ones. Uterine hypoplasia was observed in 12 (12%) girls of the main group, polycystic ovary syndrome – in 16 (16%). The Ferriman-Gallwey index in adolescents in the main group was 9 (6.0 - 10.0), in the examined control group – 6 (5.0 - 7.0). The number of adolescent girls with increased body hair growth (Ferriman-Gallwey index above 8) in the main group was 77 (77%), which is significantly higher than in the control 2 (10%). 24 patients of the main group had a regular menstrual cycle from the moment of formation, in other cases violations were observed: irregularity – 43 (43%), painful menstruation – 61 (61%). The duration of the menstrual cycle was within the normal range in 18 (18%) adolescent girls in the main group and in 65% in the control group. The average cycle duration was 28±2.4 days and 28±1.3 days, respectively, for the groups. Conclusion. Our study showed a high incidence of somatic and reproductive diseases against the background of obesity in adolescents aged 13-17 years. As a result of analyzes of own research, a link was revealed between obesity and menstrual irregularities. We believe that the correction of body weight will lead to the normalization of the menstrual cycle, even without the use of additional therapy
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