Abstract
Investigation on the manufacturing of multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs) by solvothermal and hydrothermal procedure and the electrochemical behavior of these nanostructured electrode materials for hydrogen storage has been presented. The physical and morphological properties of prepared carbon nanotubes were studied by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning, and Transmission electron microscopy (SEM and TEM). Furthermore, the electrochemical properties of MWCNTs were revealed by galvanostatic charge-discharge and measurement of cyclic voltammetry and the results revealed that both MWNTs exhibited higher electrochemical capacitance and stable cycling performance. Interestingly, MWNTs synthesized from hydrothermal procedure shows an extreme discharge capacity of 423 mAh/g, concerning hydrogen storage of ∼ 1.5 wt%, and MWNTs synthesized from solvothermal procedure shows a capacity of discharge 394.8 mAh/g. corresponds to ∼ 1.4 wt%, was attained reproducibly at 25 °C for about 100 mg of MWCNTs. This outcome infers that the MWNTs are extremely assuring electrochemical hydrogen storage materials for PEM fuel cells and rechargeable batteries.
Highlights
Carbon nanomaterials possess a very extensive range of recognized, proposed, and plentiful features with prospective applications in numerous technologies associated with energy, environment, health, microelectronics, optics, transportation, etc
2.1 Structural analysis The purity and structure of the synthesized products were analyzed by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) Fig. 1 shows the Powder X-ray diffraction studies (PXRD) patterns of the Multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWNTs)
Pattern (a) and (b) correspond to the multiwalled carbon nanotubes synthesized by solvothermal MWCNTs (ST) and hydrothermal MWCNTs (HT) routes
Summary
Carbon nanomaterials possess a very extensive range of recognized, proposed, and plentiful features with prospective applications in numerous technologies associated with energy, environment, health, microelectronics, optics, transportation, etc. The similarity of the hydrothermal process and accessibility of carbon precursor materials, without the addition of a catalyst, advantageously prefer the new method for the synthesis. The preparation of multiwalled carbon nanotubes employing a hydrothermal and solvothermal synthesis has been successfully demonstrated for electrochemical hydrogen adsorption studies. Lee et al [12] and Qin et al [13] have studied hydrogen storage of MWNTs electrochemically They showed a high discharge capacity of 200 mAh/g. We compared here the studies on the electrochemical absorption and desorption of hydrogen in MWNTs produced without metal catalyst addition by a hydrothermal and solvothermal process. The relatively high hydrogen adsorption showed by hydrothermally synthesized compared to solvothermal synthesized MWNTs may be due to highly aligned structures of nanotubes
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