Abstract
Oxidation of limonene, 3-carene, α-pinene and β-pinene with dioxygen promoted by heterogeneous sol–gel Co/SiO2 catalysts has been performed under solvent-free conditions. Limonene and α-pinene give both epoxidation and allylic oxidation products, with chemoselectivities for the latter being 50–60% at a 40% substrate conversion. On the other hand, oxidation of β-pinene leads essentially to allylic products, i.e., highly valuable pinocarveol, pinocarvone, myrtenol and myrtenal. Good combined selectivities of up to 88% at ca. 40% conversion have been achieved. The activity of the Co/SiO2 catalysts is strongly influenced by the temperature of their thermal treatment. No cobalt leaching occurs under the reaction conditions and the catalysts can be recovered and reused several times.
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