Abstract
Solvent effects are important for the solution preparation of nanoscale metal materials, in which the sizes and properties of the nanomaterials are greatly influenced by the solvents. In this study, a series of Pd/XC-72 catalysts were synthesized by a facile solvothermal method in solvents with different numbers of hydroxyl groups, including ethanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerine. The as-prepared catalysts Pd/XC-72(EA), Pd/XC-72(EG) and Pd/XC-72(GI) were characterized by XRD, TEM, TGA, ICP-MS and multipoint nitrogen adsorption-desorption experiments. It was found that Pd/XC-72(GI) had the highest metallic dispersion and the smallest particle size (4.9 nm). Furthermore, Pd/XC-72(GI) exhibited the best catalytic performance for solvent-free selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol while the catalytic activities of Pd/XC-72 catalysts decreased in the order: Pd/XC-72(GI) > Pd/XC-72(EG) > Pd/XC-72(EA).
Highlights
The selective oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds is an important functional group transformation in organic synthesis [1] [2] [3] [4]
Among heterogeneous Pd catalysts, Pd catalysts supported on carbon materials such as Pd/XC-72 and Pd/graphite have been widely used for oxidation in the field of fine chemicals [9]
Previous research findings showed that sizes and morphology, and properties of heterogeneous Pd catalysts synthesized in solution, were influenced by Pd precursors [14], reaction temperature [15] and synthetic methods of catalysts [16] [17] [18] [19] [20]
Summary
The selective oxidation of alcohols to the corresponding carbonyl compounds is an important functional group transformation in organic synthesis [1] [2] [3] [4]. Especially Pd as the active components of heterogeneous catalysts, have been extensively investigated in recent years due to their effective catalytic abilities for the functional group transformation as good as their homogeneous. Among heterogeneous Pd catalysts, Pd catalysts supported on carbon materials such as Pd/XC-72 and Pd/graphite have been widely used for oxidation in the field of fine chemicals [9]. They have been proven to have many advantages as high efficiency catalysts due to their specific properties, such as acid and base resistance, porosity, and the possibility of recovering the metals by combustion of the supports [10] [11] [12] [13]. The research about effects of alcohols as solvents on Pd/C catalysts for solvent-free selective oxidation of benzyl alcohol is scare
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