Abstract
The trace analysis of solvents in dilute solutions by capillary gas chromatography (GC) is often difficult because of partial solvent trapping effects. The problems of solvent effects with such samples are shown by the example of chloroform. Two solvent effects, solvent trapping and phase soaking, are discussed in relation to the determination of chloroform. It is shown that there are only a few possibilities of creating practically perfect chloroform peaks: (a) water as a solvent and on-column injection; (b) diethyl ether as solvent with Pluronic L61, OV-1701 or similar stationary phases, on-column injection and splitless sampling at column temperatures below 15°C; (c) acetone as solvent on OV-1701 or similar stationary phases with a free choice of sampling technique. All other solvents and conditions tested produced distorted peaks owing to partial solvent trapping wihich was not corrected by phase soaking. Peak distortion could be reduced by the choice of a volatile solvent and by increased retention power of the column (long and/or thick-film columns).
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