Solvation dynamics of choline fluoride in ethylene glycol – Water mixtures

Abstract

Due to their favorable physical properties, deep eutectic solvents (DESs) have been of interest in many applications in the energy and industry sectors. In this study, we investigate the new deep eutectic solvent ethalineF (a 1:2 M ratio of choline fluoride:ethylene glycol) and the effect of water addition on the solvation dynamics compared to the better known ethaline (a 1:2 M ratio of choline chloride:ethylene glycol). Femtosecond transient absorption spectroscopy and NMR diffusometry were used to study the solvation dynamics. 19F NMR spectra were obtained for ethalineF solutions with different water additions. The 19F NMR spectra show two fluorine signals; one can be assigned to fluoride anions solvated by EG and the other signal to fluoride anions associated with the much heavier and less mobile choline cation. Density, viscosity, conductivity, and ET(30) polarity measurements are also provided for ethalineF. The nuclear spin nature of fluorine atom permits to measure the self-diffusion coefficient of the negative ion in addition of the cation diffusion in a choline halide based deep eutectic solvent system. This allows to calculate the NMR-predicted conductivities σNMR. The obtained ion dissociation coefficients αD at different water concentrations suggest a partial ion dissociation which was commensurate with the relatively low ion conductivity. The observed modest conductivity of ethalineF is explained in terms of ion association as well as the gradual increase in conductivity caused by the addition of water.