Abstract
The dynamic response of the solvent to the sudden change of the charge distribution in a solute molecule has been the subject of many investigations, experimental and theoretical1. A rough sketch of what happens in the experiment is given in Figure 1, where we display the free energies of the ground and excited states of the solute as a function of the generalized solvent coordinate. Optical excitation of the solute from the ground to excited state produces, according to the Franck-Condon principle, a non-equilibrium configuration of the solvent which relaxes to equilibrium. This relaxation of the solvent can be observed as a time dependent fluorescence spectral shift in the solute emission and it is usually used to quantify solute dynamics.
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