Solutions and connections of nonlocal derivative nonlinear Schrödinger equations

Abstract

All possible nonlocal versions of the derivative nonlinear Schrodinger equations are derived by the nonlocal reduction from the Chen–Lee–Liu equation, the Kaup–Newell equation and the Gerdjikov–Ivanov equation which are gauge equivalent to each other. Their solutions are obtained by composing constraint conditions on the double Wronskian solution of the Chen–Lee–Liu equation and the nonlocal analogues of the gauge transformations among them. Through the Jordan decomposition theorem, those solutions of the reduced equations from the Chen–Lee–Liu equation can be written as canonical form within real field.