Abstract
Abstract Since graphene was first reported as a saturable absorber to achieve ultrafast pulses in fiber lasers, many other two-dimensional (2D) materials, such as topological insulators, transition metal dichalcogenides, black phosphorus, and MXenes, have been widely investigated in fiber lasers due to their broadband operation, ultrafast recovery time, and controllable modulation depth. Recently, solution-processing methods for the fabrication of 2D materials have attracted considerable interest due to their advantages of low cost, easy fabrication, and scalability. Here, we review the various solution-processed methods for the preparation of different 2D materials. Then, the applications and performance of solution-processing-based 2D materials in fiber lasers are discussed. Finally, a perspective of the solution-processed methods and 2D material-based saturable absorbers are presented.
Highlights
Lasers able to generate pulses on a picosecond time scale or less have widespread applications in science and technology [1]
While chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is used for applications such as integrated electronic devices [47, 48] or transparent electrodes, for other applications such as solar cells, fuel cells, thermoelectric devices, or optical sensing systems [49,50,51,52], it is preferable to have the 2DMs dispersed in a liquid, which would make them easier to process and manipulate [53, 54]
Lin et al embedded graphene nanoparticles into photonic crystal fiber (PCF), which achieves the evanescent wave mode locking in an Er-doped fiber laser [68]
Summary
Lasers able to generate pulses on a picosecond time scale or less have widespread applications in science and technology [1]. Fu et al.: Solution-processed 2D materials for ultrafast fiber lasers and high modulation depth), and that can be easy to fabricate and integrate, are especially desirable [23, 24] These requirements, driven by a growing number of scientific and industrial applications, motivate research on new materials, novel designs, and technologies [25,26,27,28]. Two-dimensional materials (2DMs) have emerged as promising SAs with a number of favorable properties for laser development [29, 30], such as broadband operation [31, 32], controllable modulation depth [33], and ultrafast recovery time [34, 35] They can be solution processed by means of wet chemistry [36], making them easy to fabricate and integrate into all-fiber configurations.
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