Abstract
The solution properties of four fractions (LPI–IV) from crude longan pulp polysaccharides (LP3) were analyzed by size-exclusion chromatography combined with laser light scattering, viscometry, complex formation with Congo red, and atomic force microscopy. Their radii of gyration (<S2>z1/2) were 43.3, 62.6, 43.2 and 77.3 nm, exponents of <S2>z1/2 = k Mwv were 0.04, 0.50, 0.52 and 0.02, and intrinsic viscosities ([η]) were 9.945, 25.38, 308.2 and 452.1 mL/g, respectively. Moreover, the dependence of [η] on Mw was established to be [η] = 5.3 × 10−2Mw0.61 (mL/g). LPI had both a sphere-like conformation and a triple-helix structure, and LPII–IV existed as flexible chains. LP3, LPI, LPII and LPIII all exhibited direct inhibitory effects on A549, HeLa and HepG2 cells in a positive dose-dependent manner in the range of 50–400 µg/mL. The activities of LPIII, especially the inhibition of HepG2 cell proliferation, were stronger than those of others, which may be partly related to its flexible conformation. The present results support the cancer therapeutic potential of longan polysaccharides.
Highlights
IntroductionPolysaccharides isolated from botanical sources (algae, lichens and higher plants) have broad bioactivities and generally do not cause significant side effects [1]
Polysaccharides isolated from botanical sources have broad bioactivities and generally do not cause significant side effects [1]
Japonici polysaccharides, which implies the possibility of chain aggregation [21]
Summary
Polysaccharides isolated from botanical sources (algae, lichens and higher plants) have broad bioactivities and generally do not cause significant side effects [1]. The chemical structures of four fractions (LPI–IV) purified from crude longan pulp polysaccharides (LP3) have been analyzed, and their compositions, molecular masses, configurations and glycosidic linkages have been confirmed [20]. Their aqueous solution properties, which are non-ignorable factors for exploring the molecular mechanisms of their bioactivities, still remain unclear. The present work aimed to investigate the aqueous solution properties of longan pulp polysaccharide fractions, including molecular size, intrinsic viscosity and conformation, and evaluate their in vitro anti-proliferation effects on A549, HeLa and HepG2 tumor cells
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