Solution-Processed ZnO-Based Low-Cost $$\hbox {CH}_{3} \hbox {NH}_{3} \hbox {PbI}_{3}$$ CH 3 NH 3 PbI 3 Solar Cells by Ambient Air, Hole Transport Layer-Free Synthesis

Abstract

Organo-metallic lead halide-based solar cells have emerged as the main contenders for meeting the alternate energy needs of present times. Major costs associated with this technology are the requirement of controlled processing conditions and high cost of hole transport materials. Cost of this technology can be reduced by developing low-cost ambient air synthesis protocol for hole transport layer-free device architecture. We report here on methyl ammonium lead iodide-based solar cell employing zinc oxide as electron transport layer prepared under ambient conditions of high humidity of 50% without hole transport layer. Stabilized power conversion efficiency of 3.03% is achieved. This approach affords the possibility of simplified device geometry and cost effectiveness paving way for rapid commercialization.