Abstract
In this work, a nylon 6 nanofibrous membrane was prepared via solution blowing technology and followed hot-press as scaffold for nanofiltration. The structure and properties of the hot-pressed nylon 6 nanofibrous membrane (HNM) were studied the effect of hot-pressing parameters and areal densities. Then an ultra-thin polyamide (PA) active layer was prepared by interfacial polymerization on HNM. The effects of nanofibrous scaffolds on the surface properties of ultra-thin nanofiltration membranes and their filtration performance were studied. Results showed that the nylon 6 nanofibers prepared at a concentration of 15 wt % had a good morphology and diameter distribution and the nanofibers were stacked more tightly and significantly reduced in diameter after hot pressing at 180 °C under the pressure of 15 MPa for 10 s. When the porous scaffold was prepared, HNM with an areal density of 9.4 and 14.1 g/m2 has a better apparent structure, a smaller pore size, a higher porosity and a greater strength. At the same time, different areal densities of HNM have an important influence on the preparation and properties of nanofiltration membranes. With the increase of areal density, the uniformity of HNM increased while their surface roughness and pore size decreased, which is beneficial to the establishment of PA barrier layer. With areal density of 9.4 and 14.1 g/m2, the as-prepared nanofiltration membrane has a smoother surface and more outstanding filtration performance. The pure water flux is 13.1 L m−2 h−1 and the filtration efficiencies for NaCl and Na2SO4 are 81.3% and 85.1%, respectively.
Highlights
With the rapid development, the contradiction between the global shortage of drinking water and growing demand has intensified
Nylon 6 nanofibrous membranes were prepared based on solution blowing process and their structural properties under different hot-pressing pressures and different areal densities were studied
Ultra-thin polyamide active layer was prepared on hot-pressed nylon nanofibrous membrane (HNM) by interfacial polymerization method and the effect of different porous supports on the apparent properties of nanofiber-based nanofiltration membrane (NFNFM) and the filtration performance of monovalent and divalent electrolyte aqueous solutions was investigated
Summary
The contradiction between the global shortage of drinking water and growing demand has intensified. According to prediction of the United Nations, the global demand for water resources will increase by 30% by 2030, so it is important to improve water treatment technology and achieve efficient water circulation [1]. Among the various technologies for water treatment, nanofiltration (NF) is considered to be a process with energy efficiency and environmental-friendliness, offering higher permeability than reverse osmosis (RO). A nanofiltration membrane (NFM) is a composite of an ultra-thin active dense layer, a porous polymer scaffold and a membrane support. The ultra-thin active dense layer is a main functional layer formed by interfacial polymerization on a porous polymer scaffold [8,9]
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