Abstract
Water-soluble salts entering the soil profile through the process of irrigation constitute an important part of the plant environment. These salts may accumulate in the root zone or may be leached out of this zone, depending on the convective diffusive transport processes and solute interactions in the soil. Understanding these processes is important in establishing management practices directed toward preventing the hazardous effect of salt on the plant and the soil. Theories based on macroscopic considerations provide a satisfactory means for describing such transport phenomena. In these theories, the soil is considered to be a continuous porous medium, and the governing equations are derived for a representative elementary volume that is large enough so that its properties can be expressed in terms of statistical averages.
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