SOLUBLE PROTEIN AS INDICATIVE OF PHYSIOLOGICAL QUALITY OF SOYBEAN SEEDS

Vanderléia Mathias,Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho,Jaquelini Garcia

doi:10.1590/1983-21252019v32n317rc

Vanderléia Mathias, Cileide Maria Medeiros Coelho + Show 1 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.1590/1983-21252019v32n317rc

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Journal: Revista Caatinga	Publication Date: Sep 1, 2019
Citations: 3	License type: CC BY 4.0

Affiliation: Universidade do Estado de Santa Catarina

Abstract

ABSTRACT After physiological maturity, the seed is physiologically independent of the plant, and responds to climatic variations that can decrease its vigor, which is dependent on the cultivar. The objective of this work was to evaluate the vigor of soybean cultivars and identify the biochemical components that have the greatest contribution to the maintenance of the physiological quality of the seeds after physiological maturity. The experiment was conducted in Fraiburgo, SC, Brazil, during the 2015/2016 crop season, using four soybean cultivars NA 5909 RG, BMX Ativa RR, BMX VanguardaIPRO, and NS 5959 IPRO. The seed physiological quality and the biochemical composition were evaluated at the phenological stages R7, R7+5 days, R7+10 days (R8), and R7+20 days. The data were subjected to analysis of variance (F test) and the means were compared by the Tukey's test (p<0.01). The seed biochemical composition and physiological quality were correlated using multivariate statistics. The germination of the seeds decreased 6% after physiological maturity up to R7+20 days. This decrease in vigor was dependent on the cultivar; NA 5909 RG decreased 3%, and BMX Ativa RR and NS 5959 IPRO decreased 7%. The biochemical components soluble protein, phytate, soluble sugar, and lipids decreased as a function of the harvest times, indicating the beginning of the process of seed quality loss. The maintenance of seed vigor after physiological maturity was dependent on the cultivar. The soluble protein content can be used as an indicator of the maintenance of physiological quality of soybean seeds after R7.

Highlights

Vigor is the main physiological quality parameter of seeds, it establishes the potential of seedling emergence in the field (HENNING et al, 2010)
The maximum physiological quality of seeds is reached at their physiological maturity, subsequently, they are subject to changes that reduce their quality (MARCOS-FILHO, 2015a)
Focused on explaining the physiological and biochemical changes involved with the pre-harvest quality loss process (R7), the objective of this work was to evaluate the seed vigor of soybean cultivars and identify the biochemical components that have the highest contribution to the maintenance of seed physiological quality after physiological maturity

Summary

Introduction

Vigor is the main physiological quality parameter of seeds, it establishes the potential of seedling emergence in the field (HENNING et al, 2010). The natural quality loss process that occurs after their physiological maturity is one of the factors that reduce physiological quality of seeds (ROSA et al, 2017), which includes cytological, physiological, biochemical, and physical changes that can culminate in the death of the seed (JYOTI; MALIK, 2013). These changes include protein denaturation, free fatty acid increases, and decreases in sugar contents and storage reserves (MARCOS-FILHO, 2015b). Preharvest weather conditions have a direct effect on seed quality and may be the main cause of decreases in seed vigor (SMANIOTTO et al, 2014). This problem can be minimized using cultivars that present genetic characteristics to maintain seed vigor, even when the seed production coincides with adverse environmental conditions

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