Abstract
Organic polymeric flocculants have been used in water purification processes for several decades as coagulant aids or floc builders, after the addition of inorganic coagulants like alum, iron salts or lime. The application of polymers as primary coagulants in cleaning up low quality natural waters for drinking water production by direct filtration and in weighted flocculation is discussed. For industrial wastewaters new information is presented on primary coagulation where separation is based on flotation, the burden of solids to be separated now being much reduced relative to systems utilising inorganic coagulants. As well, the dosage of chemicals overall is reduced, and there is less final sludge. The major advantages in polyelectrolyte use generally are faster processing and much greater operational stabilty and reliability.
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