Soluble forms of adhesive molecules in blood serum as a marker of endothelial dysfunction in chronic generalized parodontitis.

Abstract

An important factor in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation in periodontitis is endothelial dysfunction (ED). Adhesion molecules are markers of impaired barrier function, adhesive properties and vascular permeability. The study of the concentration of soluble adhesion molecules is very promising in the diagnosis of ED. The purpose of this research was to study changes in the concentration of soluble forms of adhesive molecules of the selectin family and the immunoglobulin superfamily when used as markers of systemic manifestations of ED in the dynamics of the treatment of chronic generalized periodontitis (CP) using surgical and therapeutic schemes. 60 patients with CP (33 women and 27 men) and 20 clinically healthy volunteers (10 men and 10 women) were examined. The state of the endothelium was assessed by the content in the serum of soluble forms of adhesive molecules - sP- and sE-selectins, intercellular adhesive molecules of type 1 (sICAM-1), vascular molecules of cell adhesion of type 1 (VCAM-1) by ELISA. The short-term results of non-surgical treatment of CP are more effective in correction of vascular wall adhesive properties disorders compared with surgical treatment. Conservative treatment of chronic hepatitis C effectively adjusted the blood content of adherent endothelium molecules in women than in men. The long-term results of applying this scheme were characterized by partial preservation of a positive effect on the adhesive properties of the endothelium, however, long-term results were inferior to short-term ones. Surgical treatment of CP in women in the early postoperative period was accompanied by reactive impairment of the adhesive properties of the endothelium. The long-term results of this treatment regimen testified to its greater effectiveness. In women, the effectiveness of treatment of CP in restoring the adhesive properties of the endothelium was higher than in men. The results obtained allow us to conclude that the systemic manifestations of ED in CP were characterized by an increase in the concentration in the blood of soluble forms of adhesion molecules. The dynamics of the concentration of adhesive molecules during the treatment of СР testified to the dependence of the sex of patients on the effectiveness of the influence of therapeutic and surgical treatment regimens on the systemic manifestations of ED.